What Do I Do With All This Information?

We spend a great deal of time collecting data. Data itself remains a primary talking point within the marketing industry. We’re all supposed to be amassing this massive cadre of information about our customers, potential customers and competition. 

Data on its own is meaningless. It’s a lot like dumping a pile of topsoil on your driveway. The topsoil has the potential to grow trees and gardens, but unless you know how to use it, it’s simply a pile of dirt.

The goal of any commercial venture is to put boots on the ground. Your business needs customers. Whether it’s orders placed through your website or foot traffic in your brick and mortar location, this goal hasn’t changed much since human beings began selling things to each other. Our ability to collect copious amounts of information is supposed to help us achieve that goal. Instead, most of us ignore it.

If you’ve been in business for any length of time, you’ve likely been approached by many companies scaring the living daylights out of you by warning that your business isn’t collecting enough data. But how much is enough? And how in the world do you begin to sift through it all?

DATA NEEDS TO SERVE A PURPOSE

This statement seems on the surface to be ridiculous. Of course data needs to serve a purpose. But for most of us, we’re collecting data simply because we can and we’ve been told we should. Every piece of data you collect should have an end point. Why else are you collecting it? Data doesn’t lie. It shows us where we’re succeeding and, more importantly, where we’re failing. Data is only a pile of topsoil until we use it for planting. 

DATA ALLOWS YOU TO SEE TRENDS

One of the primary uses of data is to view trends. A product-driven organization can see clearly and almost instantly what sells and what doesn’t. Information organizations such as news sites and entertainment companies can spot trends and provide content that is most desirable for their audiences. The types of trends your data can show depends on your business. From straightforward data trends such as abandoned shopping carts to where a user drops off your website, to more complex data algorithms that monitor traffic patterns, peak demand and negative feedback, there’s a tremendous value in data. 

For people who slept through algebra class, data analysis can seem daunting. Analyzing data is a learned skill. It requires an analytical mindset. Part of the fun of data analysis is looking for the obscure. Data isn’t only derived from inbound marketing. If you’re going to follow a transaction life cycle, you need to have information for the whole cycle. That includes your outreach (your advertising campaigns), behavior during the transaction, questions or comments during an online chat or through your sales staff, sales data, customer reviews and comments, and product defects and returns. Your business may have different touch points. Effectively using your data requires you to understand where these touch points exist. 

DATA COLLECTION OFTEN INFURIATES CUSTOMERS

Your customers watch the news. They read things online. They’re acutely aware that data breaches are an everyday occurrence. They’re becoming reticent to provide too many details. If you request too many private details, things like a Social Security number, a CVV code on a credit card, mother’s maiden name, etc., you will lose sales. There are many situations where confidential information is required. Customers used to provide that type of information willy-nilly. Today, requiring too much identifying information often leads consumers to search elsewhere. The decision process happens quickly. Too many questions, too many details, customers will abandon you.

Many companies try to harvest data that has little or nothing to do with the transaction taking place in order to fatten their marketing outreach. We build email lists in order to bombard our existing customers with promotional material. There’s a thin line between customer engagement and customer abuse. Do you really want to send e-blasts to customers who have no interest in what you’re promoting? 

BE WARY OF STORING TOO MUCH OF IT

If the NSA, the IRS and the Defense Department computers can be hacked, trust me, so can yours. The law regarding responsibility for the inadvertent release of personal data is still catching up with real life. At some point, one of the lawsuits by consumers against companies that have been hacked will stick and precedent will be set. But whether or not your company bears legal responsibility for data breaches, your company will have to answer to the consumer. It may be through customer boycotts or even through increased costs to implement extreme digital protections. 

How much data do you need? How much of it do you need to keep? How long do you need to keep it? What are you planning to do with it? Each of these questions needs an answer. If your business can’t answer these questions, it’s time to seriously look at the information you’re collecting.

DO SOMETHING WITH IT

You have at your fingertips the type of information Don Draper could only have dreamed about. Unless you use the data, there’s no reason to have it. Use your data to take action. If data trends are telling you that Product X is doing well during the ordering process but has a 45% defect rate, you should be focusing on improving Product X. If you regularly see negative comments regarding a particular portion of the consumer experience, maybe the wait time to place an order or lack of knowledge by the customer service team, that tells you that you need to target those particular weak points. Data tells us what’s happening. But it requires us to learn how to read it. And it requires that we have the desire to make the types of changes the data suggests.

Nobody’s perfect. Every business can improve. You have at your command enough information to figure out where you need improvement. You also have enough information to learn what other information you need. What pieces of data will allow your business to make educated decisions? What do you need to know? Why do you need to know it? Those are the questions you should be asking when you’re thinking about data collection. After all, who wants a giant pile of topsoil sitting in their driveway forever?

It's Storytime

Your brand has a story to tell. That’s not a metaphor—telling your “brand story” isn’t some marketing doublespeak. Storytelling is as old as the human experience itself. It’s how lessons are passed from generation to generation, it’s how we learn about who we are and the relationships between each other, and it’s how we understand complex ideas. Your brand is no different. Tell a good story and you’ll have customers eating out of the palm of your hand.

The operative word, of course, is “good”. We’ve all read atrocious stories and wasted enough hours sitting in front of idiotic films to recognize crap when we see it. It’s easy to write. Sit down in front of a computer and start typing the words that pop into your head. It’s extremely hard to write well. Here are a few writing basics you can and should apply to your own brand story.

WHAT EXACTLY ARE YOU TRYING TO SAY?

Seems simple enough, doesn’t it? In fiction, we call this the “theme”. What is your story about? Not the sequential events—that’s an outline. What is the larger message? In fiction writing, we tend to have a few overarching themes. Man vs. nature, man vs. himself, etc. In brand storytelling, the theme is not necessarily so epic. Product X may perform particular functions, but those functions are not the theme. To resonate with prospective buyers, you need to talk about what larger issues Product X solves. What problems, issues or needs are being solved by Product X? The theme derives from the problem being solved. Understanding what you’re solving by your writing allows you to clearly develop a solution. It’s a bit like developing a mission statement. You should be able to describe your theme in a single sentence. Think of it a bit like a thesis statement in an essay. The single thesis statement will tell you what you need to say and what you need to support through examples in the brand story. Once you figure out what you’re trying to say, you’ll need to start figuring out how to say it.

WRITE FOR YOUR READER

Having a keen awareness of your audience allows you to tailor your storytelling to appeal to them. Specific groups of readers have specific needs, desires and vernacular. Fans of the Twilight books have different needs than fans of Fifty Shades of Grey. Both have common elements—they’re unconventional love stories, they both take the heroine into dark worlds previously unknown to her—but they satisfy different audiences. Shakespeare wrote for his audience. The jokes, earthy humor and thinly-veiled jabs at the monarchy and religious figures appealed to a low-brow audience. Shakespeare wrote commercially. He told stories that were designed to present his product to the widest audience possible. What is your audience wanting to hear? How do you speak to them in their voice, at their speed and in their chosen venue? 

SHOW, DON’T TELL

A big mistake novice writers make is to rely on description rather than action. The world around us is a constantly moving entity. Your brand story needs to contain forward movement. Your story will likely contain many moving pieces—web content, social media content, video content, print advertising—that all need to work together as part of a broader story, while also being able to stand alone. How do you make each piece vibrant and engaging? Use action. Verbs are powerful things, and finding the right verb can replace lines and lines of unnecessary copy. Is there a better way to say what you’re saying? Say the words you’re writing out loud. Read them to other people. Hear how the words fall. Storytelling is a lot like songwriting. There’s a beat behind everything. Find your beat. 

ALL STORYTELLING IS CHARACTER DRIVEN

In a traditional fiction story, characters are created to fulfill certain objectives in the story, and the story is built around the struggles and challenges of these characters. The same is true in brand storytelling. Your characters are most often your users and potential customers. Your audience needs to be able to picture themselves in the story, which means using the product or service. When you know your audience (through research and demographic data), you can build brand characters that share your audience’s stake in the story. They become surrogates your audience, which allows your audience to easily step into your story.

USE THE EDITING THUMB TRICK

Editing is one of the most difficult but most important pieces of a good story. At least twice as much time should be devoted to editing as to creating. There are two really good editing tricks I’ve picked up through years in publishing and printing. First, look at each sentence individually. Find an adjective? Put your thumb over it. Read the sentence again. Does it still make sense? That means you need to cut the adjective. The second trick is to read backwards. With the advent of autocorrect, you may be typing too fast to notice that your “if” became “of”. If you are expecting to see “if”, your mind will often read “if”, regardless of whether “of” is there now. Reading the text backwards (right to left, bottom to top) will kick off your brain’s habit of glossing over words and allow you to catch more mistakes.

GOOD WRITING ISN’T DONE BY COMMITTEE

Too many cooks will inevitably dilute your message. You operate in a competitive environment. Your job when writing evocative brand stories is to synthesize all the messages into a cohesive identity. A story is compromise. There are often lots of characters, each playing a valuable role, but all of whom are part of the larger story. Hitting all the important facts is vital. That’s kind of the whole point of the thing. But producing a white paper and creating a brand identity through storytelling are two different animals. The more saturated your writing, the less likely it is to be effective.

Not all storytellers can write effective brand stories. Just like not all marketing copywriters can write a good story. Find someone with the ability to analyze data, to extrapolate behaviors based on that data, and to provide engaging, creative content. I’ve built my career through both storytelling and copywriting. I’m a published writer and accomplished copywriter. You can reach me at jrosenplot@gmail.com, or at 812.822.2077.

Start A Content Conversation

We all have a lot to say. Between sales pitches and proposals and PowerPoint presentations, we’re kind of up to our eyeballs in information. But is information content? If so, what information?  

If content is king, how do you ensure he doesn’t get dethroned? The answer is to have a conversation.

BE APPROPRIATE

That doesn’t mean don’t post questionable photos on your website. (Don’t do that, though). Being appropriate means having something to say that reflects the venue in which you’re saying it. Your corporate website and a product-specific Facebook page that has a college-aged audience will have different things to say. Neither are mutually exclusive. But you likely have a different way of speaking when you’re talking to your best friend versus a corporate CEO. The content, or conversation you’re having needs to focus primarily on the audience with which you’re having it. Like any good conversation, it should be a two-way street. I’m not talking about a live chat feature. I’m talking about solid research. How your customers reach out to you tells you a lot about the conversation they’re looking to have. Traditional websites, product-specific sites, individual social media interactions, trade show interactions and even Skype chats, each attracts a unique audience that will respond to you if you are appropriate.

RELEVANT WEBSITE CONTENT

One of the primary drivers of Google’s search algorithm comes from relevant content. Google, they’re pretty smart. Not long ago you used to be able to type a bunch of keywords onto the bottom of your web page and jump to the top of Google’s search. Actual content that relates to the subject of the page, the industry associated with the site, etc., is one of the things that drives search results. More is not always better. Doing extensive research about search terms and analytics data will give you a good start in providing content that corresponds to the most relevant search terms for your site. If you tailor your content to what your audience is actually looking for, you will notice a dramatic difference in your search rankings.    

KNOW YOUR STUFF, BUT DON’T BE A KNOW-IT-ALL

Content is a conversation. It’s not a lecture. There’s a fine line between the two. Your job and the job of your business is to be the expert in your field. As such, you’re expected to know a bunch of stuff. But information is like having your in-laws come to visit. A little goes a long way. Keep in mind that what most of your customers want to know is that you know. They don’t need the complete recipe to your secret sauce. They just need to know that you know how to make it. 

BE BRIEF

A good deal of your ongoing conversations with your customers will be via social media. Social media is a drop in sort of place. It’s the virtual water cooler. Your interaction should be short, sweet and to the point. You don’t need to write the entire novel, just a short chapter. When you’re writing short content, be specific. Don’t necessarily talk about all your new products, just one at a time. Or maybe a single feature of a product. 

DON’T WASTE THEIR TIME

Your audience bores easily. Quick bursts of information that grabs their attention and allows them to get on with their lives will leave them wanting more. Respect the short attention span. You can’t win against it. Don’t even try.

BE BRAND CONSISTENT

Above all else, have a plan. Don’t sacrifice your overall brand strategy for a specific venue, but be flexible enough to remain appropriate. That takes a little effort. You may need to experiment a bit. 

There is no single way to generate awesome content. Your conversation is and should be different than your competition. What is consistent across the board is that you are having a conversation. You’re building a relationship. That’s the secret to creating killer content. Your voice should be unique. That’s what sets you apart. So now it’s time to start a conversation.

The Taylor Swift School of Marketing

We can learn a lot from young Taylor Swift. Love her music or can’t wait for her fifteen minutes to expire, she is one savvy marketer. Swift maintains control over her entire musical and public life. Her recent spat with Spotify proved that she has serious muscle when it comes to the music industry. No artist can exist in a vacuum, though. Her fans (called “Swifties”), are among the most rabid out there. So how does she do it, and what lessons can we learn from her brilliant strategies?

YOUR CUSTOMER IS EVERYTHING 

Taylor Swift regularly trolls her fan pages to get a sense of what her audience is talking about. I can only imagine how time-consuming this practice is, but she does it. Personally. She often comments directly to fans, which serves to make her more human and approachable. Taylor Swift uses social media in the way it was meant to be used. It’s a unique forum in which to engage directly with your customer base. Her interactions are not overtly directed at selling more albums. She is genuine in these engagements. Her brand is the girl next door, every girl’s best friend, every boy’s dream. She’s the cheerleader who hangs out with the goth kids.

When you’re putting together your brand, whether you’re a celebrity or a local shop, break down your identity to its essence. A lot of the basics can be developed by acting like you’re in high school. Although your customer base may be long past their senior year, there are lasting societal breakdowns that begin and are most evident in high school. Does your brand appeal to the brains, the jocks, the geeks, the freaks, the princesses? This is a great way to begin thinking about your customer—think about The Breakfast Club.

But unless you’re selling a high school product, don’t make this your final analysis. Your customer is complex. Savor their layers. Engage with them. Find out what else they do. What else do they like? All media is social media. When you engage with your audience, you develop a relationship. That has tremendous value.

DON’T BE AFRAID TO CHANGE THINGS UP 

Taylor Swift, the country music darling, make the cross-over to pop with her latest album. Some would argue that her version of country was already pop, but the media had a field day with her potential for failure. Swift proved everyone wrong and that infernal “Shake It Off” is now perpetually engrained in our gray matter. (I know you’re singing it right now).

Your business is fluid. What worked today will not work tomorrow. Sometimes paradigm shifts are caused by technology. Sometimes competition. Whatever the reason, you need to be ready to change. Taylor Swift’s transition was probably just a step to the left. But the ripples it’s caused have made it seem monumental. Give yourself the freedom to adjust. Change is good. It’s essential. Otherwise you get left behind. Sometimes change involves something minor. Other times, it’s a major brand shift. Look at McDonald’s. The mega-giant tried-and-true ubiquitous brand is being rebranded. Competition has led them to make changes. Will it save their business? Remains to be seen. Will the changes you make save your business? If you’re smart, do your research, talk with your customers, look at your competition, then you’ll at least be making an educated change.

BE GENEROUS 

The now-legendary Taylor Swift gift barrage that’s been lighting up social media is a cardinal example of how giving away can build your brand. From paying off student loans to hand-delivering Christmas presents to her fans, Swift is doing double duty. She’s connecting with her fans in a deeply personal way, and she’s doing it publicly.

True altruism is anonymous. When a business donates or does good work, their reward is prestige. It’s the reason most businesses engage in charity. Donating time, money, resources, it all has a public impact. The fact that Taylor Swift recorded each of these donations was simply a wise business decision. Give things away in unique and public ways. If your staff is donating an afternoon to a Habitat for Humanity build, have someone record the event and post it on your social media. If you’re donating product to a shelter or a Boys & Girls Club, make sure you have your logo clearly visible. Generosity by a business is often considered newsworthy by local media. TV, radio, newspaper, they eat this kind of stuff up. Making your donation or gift a public event allows your business to obtain a bundle of free publicity. The cost of the donated goods, your staff’s time, all of it is well worth the sacrifice if you go public with it.

DON’T SHY AWAY FROM THE BAD STUFF Taylor Swift has a propensity for having bad relationships. What 24-year-old doesn’t? The difference with Swift is that her relationships are very public. Her breakups top the entertainment news. Swift, of course, has had the last laugh by owning the charts and download sales of her song, “Shake It Off”, which is all about not worrying about what everyone thinks. She owns her mistakes, and the public has forgiven her for any perceived wrong.

Bad stuff happens. Brushing it under the rug or trying to put some sort of spin on it just makes your business look shady. Own your mistakes. You’re human. Your business is run by humans. We are a fallible bunch. People get that. They respond to humility. You don’t have to drag out your dirty laundry for every interaction, but be honest and solve the problem. The kind of double-speak in which many corporations engage just makes their customers frustrated. Own it. Your mistakes belong to you, and they’re how you grow.

HOLD ONTO WHAT’S IMPORTANT 

Seems simple enough, doesn’t it? When you look at Taylor Swift, you probably don’t think CEO. Sexist or not, our first impression of her is likely dismissive. Taylor Swift’s net worth is estimated at $200 million. When you compare that Michael Jackson, ($350 million) and Paul McCartney ($800 million), that’s not too shabby for a kid. The big difference between Swift and other artists is that she owns herself. She recognizes that her public persona is a commodity with tremendous value. Taylor Swift is the CEO of Taylor Swift.

As a business owner, you will face tough financial times. No matter what market you’re in, there are ups and downs. You may be tempted (or required) to bring on investors or outside financing. Remember what’s important. Don’t give away the store. Investors are savvy and will very clearly recognize what’s of most value in your company. That’s what they want. It may not be your product. It may be your process. George Lucas famously took a decrease in pay and “points” on Star Wars in exchange for merchandising rights. As anyone who was a kid in the late ‘70s on up will tell you, Star Wars merchandise is king. You may be required to make tough decisions about the future of your company. Hold onto what’s valuable. You’ll be grateful.

Don’t dismiss Taylor Swift as some bubble-headed pop star. We can all learn a few lessons from her. And since the haters gonna’ hate, hate, hate, it wouldn’t hurt to shake it off.

Patients, Grasshopper

We're all familiar with the traditional approach to healthcare marketing. Board certifications, big photos of the providers looking all serious and ready to find the next procedure that will get them published. Strength and stability and expertise are all important qualities, but there are some fundamentals that seem to be consistently missed in most healthcare marketing.

1. DON'T MARKET TO YOURSELF
The majority of healthcare marketing is done from the providers' point of view. Qualifications, looking serious, etc., all of these are internal-facing and have much more meaning to the providers than to the patients. From a patient's point of view, there are assumptions that a provider is qualified to perform the procedures they're promoting. Patients have two goals—to get better, and to be heard. That leads us to...

2. WHAT DOES YOUR PATIENT EXPERIENCE?
Here's a good little trick. Have a friend or a family member go through your patients' process. It's better if that person has a different last name and is unknown to staff. What is their experience? How long does it take to get an appointment? How long do they wait in the first waiting room? In the second? What is the lab experience like? How long does it take to get results? What is the process patients encounter when they receive their results? Remember that you're not doing this in a punitive way—don't look for poor performance by staff. If you find it, of course, address it. The goal is to experience what your patients, what your customers, are experiencing. At most levels, healthcare is tremendously competitive. The only point where it isn't comes from very specific specialists who are either the best in their field, or are alone in their market. For most providers, there are at least two other major competitors, sometimes much more. The ACA has or will open up an enormous market for new patients. These are people who have either never entered the healthcare system, or have used an ER as their primary care provider. In a competitive marketplace, a provider group that addresses wait times, customer service and simple friendliness will have the edge.

3. WHERE ARE THE BOTTLENECKS?
After receiving the data from your trusted source(s), analyze it. Can you accommodate new patients within a 48 hour timeframe? Do patients wait longer than 15 minutes past their appointment time? Remember that the wait time isn't just calculated in the main waiting area. Patients who have an appointment at 10am and aren't seen by a provider until 11, 11:30 will view the waiting period in its entirety. Rightly so. How long does it take to get test results? How long does it take to provide those results to the customer? There are always extenuating circumstances. Providers are busy. There is a shortage of doctors. And being a healthcare provider means tedious hours of paperwork. But from the patients' point of view, waiting for an hour or more after their appointment time is part of the problem.

4. WHAT IS YOUR CUSTOMER LOOKING FOR?
Most patients are taking time out of their own busy lives to come to you. Unless it's a routine physical, they're not coming to see you because they want to—they're coming to see you because they have to. Primary care physicians in particular are the traffic cops of the healthcare system. Much like triage in an emergency situation, primary care will lead to more specialized services. Patients are often scared and confused. The more complexity their symptoms present, the more doctor visits they'll need to endure. Let's face it—a doctor visit is not usually a happy occasion. A patient is looking for comfort, reassurance and most importantly, information. The entire patient care chain, from the initial appointment setting to the final referral, is part of the same experience for your patient. Clearly understanding their concerns goes far beyond being board certified. It requires a human touch.

5. FIX YOUR BOTTLENECKS, AND THEN PROMOTE IT
Putting the patient experience first is often a paradigm shift for a healthcare provider group. Doing so starts from the ground up, and from the top down. Respecting a patients' time, being clear and concise in your explanations, and then clearly explaining the next steps required provide the patient with a level of trust that no amount of letters beside your name can do. You may not be able to provide a 15 minute appointment guarantee. Logistics may not allow it. But promote it. Work as a team to ensure everything moves smoothly, and when the wait time exceeds 15 minutes, give your customers something. A gift card to Starbucks is a valuable commodity. A 15 minute guarantee will draw new patients from the large pool that now exists, let them know you understand their experience, and providing gift cards will offset any unforeseen circumstances. Starbucks gift cards can be personalized with your branding. People will do a great deal for very little. By providing some token as compensation for their wait, you let them know you get it. The patient experience is rough. To the patient, it's not a job. It's their life.

I've seen the healthcare process from both sides. I've worked with providers of all disciplines to help identify and correct issues. I've been a patient, waiting for hours in consecutively smaller waiting rooms. I've read old magazines, listened to piped-in Muzak and wondered why I scrambled to make an appointment time that was completely unrealistic.

Healthcare providers are providing a service. They have customers, just like any consumer business. The regulations and reimbursements and paperwork are intense, but other industries have similar challenges. Hospital groups and provider groups continue to grow and expand. The competition is intense. A group that decides the patient experience is more important than anything else will win. That fact has been proven again and again.

Your competition will continue touting their certifications and promote their latest machinery. If your message is simply, "we will see you within 15 minutes of your appointment time, or you receive a gift card", you will rise above. Patients are consumers, whether they or you are aware of it. Provide a consistently negative experience and your patients will walk away. But provide a sensitive, timely and positive experience, and you will reap the benefits.

A How-To Guide On Going Viral (Hint: You're Going To Need A Cat)

We've all seen it by now—the Friskies video called "Dear Kitten". Originally posted on June 5 of this year, as of this writing the video had 7,673,365 views. It's a commercial for Friskies cat food. Most commercials don't go viral. So what's the difference with this one? If you haven't seen it, here's the link.

IT'S NOT ABOUT THEM, IT'S ABOUT US
The product they're trying to sell appears once in the two minute, fifty-seven second spot. The logo appears once at the beginning. The focus of the spot is not on the product, but on the user. For cat parents, felines are like potato chips—you can't have just one. At one time or another, a cat parent will introduce another cat into the household. The conversation the older, wiser cat has with its new kitten roommate is what we all imagine is going on. The entire video is taken from the older cat's perspective. The cat has a personality. Which is what makes it resonate.

WHATEVER YOU DO, DON'T SELL
Never, ever, ever. The placement of the Friskies product in the spot is done consistent with the storyline. We're not beaten over the head with a sales pitch. And by not doing so, we aren't on the defensive. Which makes us eager to share this video with our friends. And that is the secret to going viral. Don't sell me anything. I go online to be entertained. So dance, monkey.

MAKE IT FUNNY WITHOUT MAKING IT LOOK LIKE YOU'RE TRYING
That's a tough one. The Friskies spot tells a story that on the surface isn't comic. The older cat is very earnest in his life lessons for the kitten. He's exactly like you'd expect a cat to behave in the same situation. And it's funny because of his sincerity. If you try to be funny without a reason, just do some goofy schtick, it will look like you're a business owner trying to be funny.

WHAT ELSE DOES YOUR CUSTOMER DO?
Yes, you may recognize that phrase as a common theme throughout our blog posts. That's because it's vital to any marketing plan, and the one that is most often ignored. This video isn't about the product, it's about what else the users of the product do. In this case, it's not even speaking to the actual purchasers. Be responsible for a cat has an associated lifestyle. If you have a cat in your house, your cat has a voice. You likely provide that voice. This spot speaks literally to cat parents.

CAT VIDEOS REALLY DO WORK
It's a proven fact that people spend hours watching funny cat videos online. It's just the way it is. I mean, who doesn't recognize the happy cat playing piano? Hell, as I'm writing this, I have four cats on my desk. Friskies worked with Buzzfeed in the video narrated by Ze Frank and achieved in hitting liquid gold. Liquid cat gold, which is a much more legitimate online currency than Bitcoin. And is absorbed with a charcoal-based litter.

IN THE END, IT'S ABOUT LUCK & TIMING
What will be a candidate for internet infection and what won't? The target moves every day, almost as quickly as our collective attention spans. Gangnam Style, for instance, was the biggest thing the world had ever seen—and is now a punch line. You can't set out to create a viral video. What you can do is try. It's like trying to explain British humour. You either get it or you don't. But above all else, have fun with it. And you probably need a cat.

Put TOM To Work For You—Top of Mind And How To Get There

TOM, or Top of Mind, is a marketing term used to identify whether or not your business is the first one people think of when they need the services you offer. Marketing, like the military, loves acronyms. We have a bundle. But all TOM means is that, when your customers need you, you'd better be there.

Top of Mind Recognition isn't complicated to achieve. The ingredients are straightforward. And the whole package is easy to assemble. Unfortunately, it can also be very expensive. Being TOM is much easier in a small market, and very, very expensive in a large market.

Top of Mind really has everything to do with your brand identity. You definitely want a good one. Without a great brand identity, you can't achieve TOM. You need a clear, concise and identifiable logo. A catchy tagline doesn't hurt. Be consistent with your advertising, because repetition is the key to unlocking TOM. It's also the key to creating a brand identity, which is one of the key ingredients that goes into this.

A brand identity can best be defined as your company's visual personality. It encompasses your logo, your company colors, your tagline, different advertising campaigns, your website design, your building's signage, vehicle wraps, etc. All of these elements need to be consistent. That way, when someone sees your ad in a magazine, and then sees your commercial on TV, and then sees your truck down the street at their neighbor's house, your company name and brand will be reinforced in this potential customer's mind. You see where we're going with this. Consistent message. Repeated again and again, in different ways with different media, at different times and at different locations. Pretty soon, your potential customers will be humming your tune.

Getting your business to achieve TOM can be a long-term and costly endeavor. But the payoff is that your business is the first one your potential customers think of when they need the services you offer.

Think of the local businesses with the catchiest jingles. Sure, they annoy you, but you remember them. Having a professional jingle written is an additional and often expensive cost, but putting an advertising message to music is a proven technique to help people remember. When you were learning the alphabet, you sang the "ABC" song. Same thing with a jingle. That jingle you've got stuck in your head right now? The one you heard on the radio on the way home from work, the one you're going to see on the commercial when you sit down to watch the local news? When you need the service they offer, whether it's a plumbing emergency or buying a new car or anything else, that jingle will stick in your head and that will be the first place you think of. Most jingles include the company's phone number or website address. And, unfortunately, the more annoying, the better. As long as it's catchy.

Whether you commission a jingle or not, your message needs to be everywhere. Here's where it gets a little bit more complex. You need to think like your potential customer, not like you. The overwhelming majority of ad campaigns fail because the campaigns end up advertising to the advertiser, not the customer. It doesn't matter what you like. It matters what your customer likes. And you need to discover what that is. And when you know who your customer is, you can get inside their heads and discover what else they like to do. Because human beings are complex. That complexity gives you lots of opportunity to surprise them. For instance, let's say you run a theater that shows live plays. You know that your audience likes some culture. You also know that, if they're coming downtown, they'll likely be going out to eat beforehand, and probably grabbing a drink afterwards. That's an example of what else they like to do. So go meet with the owners or managers of the surrounding restaurants and bars and talk to them about co-op advertising—you put posters or coasters or other types of items in their locations, they put ads in your programs. You just run the theater, but you've also created an event night for your patrons. You've gotten into their heads and discovered what else they like to do. And when all these businesses work together, everyone wins.

All marketing is local, no matter whether you're a national chain or the small Mom-and-Pop down the street. You're part of a community. Get involved. Sponsor teams, which allows you to get your logo on uniforms. Have your business join the local adopt-a-road program. You'll get a sign with your business name on it. Be a member of local business groups. Have booths at local festivals. Does your community have a farmer's market? Have a booth there. If you're a car dealer and want to sell more hybrids, a booth at the farmer's market is ideal. Have a few models in the parking lot to test drive. The point is, be where people aren't expecting you to be. Marketing wears people down. Being advertised to is offensive and is easily tuned out. Find something unique to do that gets your name in front of people. Don't copy your competition. Make your own statement. That's the whole idea, isn't it?

Being Top of Mind isn't difficult. It just takes time and investment. But the return on that investment is that you are the first business everyone thinks of. Being Top of Mind is not a bad place to be.

What Obamacare Can Teach Us About What NOT To Do In A Marketing Campaign

Love it or hate it, agree with it or continue to vote against it, the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) is here to stay. At least until their ill-fated marketing blunders sink the program.

I'm about as liberal as it gets. Personally, I favor the Canadian system. I'm familiar with it, so it's not just a talking point. I have my own issues with Obamacare, but this is a marketing blog, not a soapbox.

We can learn some valuable marketing lessons from the ACA rollout. There was a lot that was done wrong. Here are the top three.

1. NEVER, EVER GO LIVE WITH A BROKEN WEBSITE
Your website is the central hub of any marketing strategy you're building. Even a social media campaign needs someplace to point. The Obamacare website was a complex, convoluted structure that fell victim to the oldest trick in the book—requirements that changed multiple times throughout the build, often changing the entire infrastructure. Everyone's familiar with the Healthcare.gov website jokes, the opposition's continued barrage of attacks, the Congressional hearings, the whole bit.

Here's the thing—the more complex the website, the more intense the testing needs to be. Any website needs to undergo something called User Acceptance Testing, or UAT. A website begins with a set of requirements—what the site needs to do. Most sites are fairly straightforward. A homepage, some product or service information, a contact page, etc. For more complicated sites, such as those involving data, (the capturing of customer information, the dispensation of customer information, product data, etc.), requires a much more involved set of requirements, and therefore a much more involved UAT process. We won't delve too deeply into web development here, but suffice it to say that you want to do at least the following when testing any site:

a) Test on multiple browsers. Safari, Chrome, Internet Explorer and Firefox are the most common and should suffice for most UAT. Make sure you test multiple versions of Internet Explorer (IE9, for example, can throw a wrench into the most well executed and seamlessly developed website).
b) Test on multiple operating systems. Test on both Mac and PC.
c) Allow for operator error. Your clients may not be the brightest bulbs in the box. Is the site foolproof? Is it easy to navigate? Can you find information within two clicks?
d) Try to break it. The more complicated the site, the more errors you should find. Do things the site isn't designed to do—how does it handle these requests?
e) Create informative error pages. The last thing a user of your site wants to see is some convoluted error message that may mean something to a developer but just looks like your site is broken otherwise.
f) If there is an error, provide a clear path out of it. For instance, if you have a user signup page that requires a specific format for information to be entered, clearly explain this or provide a contact phone number or email address that can help.
g) For the love of punk rock, ANSWER THE PHONE and answer your email. Promptly. If someone is on your website and wants to sign up, search for a product, etc., they want to do it now. Don't make them come back. Don't make them wait.

Your website is your virtual front door. Whether you're a retailer, Realtor®, or are simply providing a contact portal, this is your first impression. Never, ever go live with a website that doesn't work.

2. KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE
One of the key provisions in Obamacare is the inclusion of a robust number of 18-34 year olds. There's a reason why everyone wants to market to this demographic. For the healthcare system to work, it needs to spread the risk across a large pool of healthy users.

These people are what I call The Unmarketable. It's not that they can't be influenced—you've got to know what you're doing. If you want their business, you've got to earn it. They have been sold to their entire lives, and they can see you coming a mile away. Here are the ground rules for marketing to the 18-34 demographic:

a) Don't try to be cool. Using popular catchphrases, current references, etc., will only make you look old. They know how to filter your pathetic attempt to sit at the cool table. Don't even try.
b) Don't talk down. One of the most common mistakes made when marketing this group is giving them the impression you think you're smarter than they are. You might be, but they hate that. Be direct. You're not talking to your insolent twenty-something. You're talking to a potential customer. Give them the respect you'd give any customer.
c) Celebrity endorsements can go very wrong. This is the era of five-second fame. Everyone is famous. If you latch on to some anti-celebrity, you have immediately put an expiration date on your campaign. Remember Gangham Style? Exactly.
d) Don't try to go viral. There are specific ingredients that go into a viral video, post, etc., You don't have them. You don't have access to them. Yes, it would incredible to have your commercial go viral and get twenty million views on YouTube. It would also be incredible to win the Powerball. Setting out to "go viral" is a waste of your time and resources.

There is no single way to market to The Unmarketables. There's no single venue, media outlet, or social media service that will hit everybody. The secret with this generation is that they're compartmentalized. The days of everyone watching a single TV network or visiting a single source for news online, or a single social media venue are gone. The "18-34 year old demographic" isn't a single entity. It consists of millions and millions of individuals. You need to know a whole lot more about your target audience than simply that they're between 18 and 34 years old. If you don't know them, they won't care one bit about you.

3. DON'T LET YOUR COMPETITION DEFINE YOUR STRATEGY
There's a reason you're in business. There's a reason your product or service can compete in the marketplace. And if you're in the marketplace, you've got competition. If you don't have competition, you will. One of the biggest mistakes the Obama administration made in selling Obamacare to the American people was letting the opposition (his competition) define the argument. It's your competition's job to point out why their product or service is superior to yours. That's what the free market system is all about. Your marketing strategy will not be successful if it's simply a reaction to your competition's marketing strategy. No one's interested in why Product A sucks. They want to know why Product B is great. Believe it or not, positive messaging is far more effective than negative messaging. The businesses that are #1 in their fields (Coke, McDonald's) don't spend their time focusing on their competition. The businesses that are #2 (Pepsi, Burger King), do spend their time focusing on their competition. That's one of the reasons these businesses are #2. Not sure how to do this? Here are the basics:

a) Have the best product or service. You can't survive in any industry for any length of time if your product breaks or your service is subpar. Wait, you don't think your product or service is part of your marketing campaign? Pumpkin, it's the centerpiece. You will go out of business if you don't focus on your core products and services. Simple as that.
b) Clearly and concisely explain why you are the best. Is it taste? Satisfaction? Quality parts or ingredients? What sets you apart?
c) Why is it necessary? Neither Coke nor McDonald's products are required to sustain life on earth. Why are they necessary, then? This is what they call in sales selling the sizzle, not the steak. What does your product or service provide, make easier, make better, or help satisfy?
d) Take the high road. You don't need to mention your competition in your marketing. It's your marketing, not theirs. Don't give your competition air time. It makes your business look petty. Product comparisons are for those in second place. First place doesn't need to compare.
e) Solve problems quickly and in public. Let's say your business prides itself on providing service within a 20-minute window. For one reason or another, your service tech was unable to arrive. Your customer complains on your Facebook or Twitter feed. The first reaction by most businesses is to remove the post. After all, who wants anything negative on their Facebook wall? Instead, engage the customer and MAKE THINGS RIGHT in the same post, in the shortest possible time. It doesn't matter that your service tech had a car accident. It doesn't matter that the snow hadn't been cleared off the roads. There are always things that are out of your control. The only thing you can control 100% of the time is how you respond. It's not personal. It's business. Give the client a gift card. Refund their service call. Give them a free service call. Whatever you do, do it in front of everyone.
f) Know the difference between slander and libel. In a nutshell, slander is saying "you suck", libel is writing "you suck". There are tons of legal gray areas, but that gives you the idea. Keep in mind that your competition may engage in nefarious tactics from time to time. We wise in your approach. Overreacting to some slight by your competition can make you look like a jerk. Underreacting to something that is potentially damaging can leave your business exposed to serious trouble. Know when something is business and when it's war. Take a look at my post about when to hire a lawyer. It'll help.

Remember that you need your clients more than they need you. The world will get by just fine without your product or service. When you're developing a marketing strategy, keep in mind that every aspect o your business is part of the strategy. You can have the most vibrant website, the most dependable product, but if your customer service staff is perpetually rude, you will go out of business. Your business is a series of links in a chain. That chain is your marketing strategy. A product that works, built from parts that are high grade, with an easy to engage sales interface, a customer service team that goes the extra mile, and truly dependable service is the centerpiece of your business. Your entire business is about marketing. Break a link, break the business. At least you won't be dragged before a Senate subcommittee.

What An Online Form Tells Your Customers

We've all seen them. The ubiquitous online contact form. On the surface, these forms seem to be a convenient way to collect and distribute initial contact data. If you've had a website with a contact feature for any length of time, you likely have one of these types of forms on your site.

From a website owner's perspective, these things are great. Deployed properly, they can help reduce spam email and triage client contact. Gathering a few important details (name, email, phone, etc.), can better prepare your team to speak with these new potential clients.

But from a customer's perspective, the view is different. Online forms can be seen as an impersonal form of contact. They get in the way. When a customer has a question or wants to contact you about the services you provide, the online form tells them the following:

1. You're too busy to talk to them. 
An online form that collects data becomes a black hole where a customer inputs their information and it disappears into the void. If your customer has a question or concern, or wants to hire your company, they want an answer. If the client is contacting you during normal business hours, the expectation is that you or someone else will be able to talk to them. If someone is sending you a contact email, they have reached the point in their purchasing decision where they're looking for specifics. Putting a form in their way stops the purchasing process in its tracks.

2. You don't trust them.
The use of CAPTCHA technology, those squiggly words and numbers that separate man from machine, are used to help limit the types of website attacks perpetrated by things called "spambots". These automated hacking tools scour the web to find open email addresses, and then inundate them with spam email. Spam email is a real threat—viruses are often embedded within them, so that when they're opened, nefarious things can happen. However, that's your problem, not your customers'. What you tell your customers when you force them to use this technology is that your comfort is more important than their ability to easily contact you.

There are a few simple ground rules for opening email. First, most commercial email hosts (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) have firewalls built in. They will detect what is likely spam and quarantine it for you. Your "junk" folder is a graveyard of these types of emails. It's important to check your junk folder often. Spam quarantine software isn't foolproof. And if your business is consumer-based, you will receive emails from people you don't know. Become email savvy. If someone tells you they want to send you $9 million from Nairobi, or wants to give you a way to meet local singles, or wants to give you free software, etc., those are bad. If an email seems like a legitimate contact, but has been quarantined, send a fresh email to the address to confirm. Or, if the contact has left a phone number, call them.

3. You're too big (or small) to help them.
This is another unintended consequence of an online contact form. Think about the last time you needed information from the IRS or the Social Security office, or a large bank. If you go through the online contact process, it's very similar to the chaos of an automated phone answering system. Press 1 for English, press 2 for Swahili... You have no idea where the form is going, when you'll be called back, or if you'll be called back. The same process works in the opposite direction. Many micro-businesses use this type of solution to help triage their incoming correspondence. There may not be anyone available to answer a direct email, or a phone call.

The general rule in website development for the past decade has been the use of these forms. Recently, however, many users are electing to abandon them. Why? Because they're not as secure as we've been led to believe, and they alienate customers.

What's the alternative? If you can't collect initial data from a client, how do you know what they need? Here are a few techniques that are so old-school that they're not even retro anymore. But they work.

1. Encourage phone contact.
Yep, the old standby. Giving your customers the clear and attractive option of calling you or your team directly, whenever they need you, sets you above your competition. We all get busy—a ringing phone can seem like a personal attack on your day. But a five minute phone conversation can not only solve a problem, it can reinforce a relationship. If a customer has a problem, solving it immediately will defuse the ticking time bomb. Forcing them to send you a form and then waiting for you to get around to answering them can bring even a tiny issue to a boiling point. Answer the phone promptly. If you can't, have a message on the phone that lets customers know how quickly you'll get back to them. And follow through. Most business phones have a flashing message light. Treat that light as if you were the bomb squad diffusing the big one. The faster the light goes out, the better the outcome.

Answering the phone and returning calls promptly (within the hour), is the basis of any successful marketing strategy. All the advertising in the world won't help you if you don't return a call. Just as a professional, friendly greeting by staff when a customer visits your store or office is the front line of your marketing plan, so too is answering calls.

Consider the value of a live operator. If your customers have to work their way through a maze of "press 1 for sales, press 2 for support", they will be discouraged. A voice on the other end, no matter how inconvenient for you, is convenient for them.

2. Provide direct email addresses.
Web development philosophy for years has been to mask or hide all open email addresses. This has been done, legitimately, for security purposes. However, the ability for your customers to contact someone directly via email outweighs any potential security or spam-related inconvenience you may face.

If you have multiple departments, provide a direct email to each. And then answer them, either by email or, preferably, by phone, and within a very limited time.

I appear to be brushing web security aside in this post. That's not the case. Having your email hacked is an inconvenience. Having your website hacked can be devastating. If your business relies on its website for any type of contact, you need to ensure your website hosting company is legitimate. Commercial hosting companies have server "farms" located across the globe, which can deflect web attacks by switching to a different location. Security for commercial web hosting companies is high and dependable—it has to be. The type of data stored on these servers is crucial. If you have a blog site, or if your website is inconsequential to your business, use one of the discount hosting companies. Security is important. It's also worth more than $3 per month. If you choose the right hosting company, it's not your problem.

The basics of marketing come down to this—when someone calls, answer. When someone has a problem, fix it. The basics of marketing have nothing to do with your logo or your website or your sign. It has to do with how you and your staff treat people.

The litmus test is this—would you want to do business with you?

The Pitfalls of Public Comments

Your friend on Facebook posts something about some topic. It doesn't have to be controversial. Maybe they've asked for advice on a specific product or service. You make a comment—something you'd say to your friend in private, maybe something rude or off-color. No harm no foul, right?

Let's do some math. I have a relatively small Facebook social circle—just 132 friends. I keep it small by choice, but the average Facebook user has about 500 friends. Depending on their age, they can have more—(younger skews bigger, older skews smaller).

One of my friends has 2,608 friends of his own. By making a comment on his post, my words and my thoughts have the potential to be shared with over 2,600 people, most of whom are strangers. Let's say I've made a derogatory remark about a person, a company, a product. It doesn't matter whether or not my post is factual. For many people, this one off-the-cuff post can mean the difference between using a particular service or buying a particular product. Social media is touted as being democratizing—it is, largely. But in any democracy, not only do we have rights, we have responsibilities.

Let's say that all 2,600 of this friend's friends read this post and my comment. Let's also say that four additional people, each with 500 friends of their own, commented on this post. Suddenly, my comments have reached nearly 5,000 people. That single comment that was made as either a joke or in the spirit of a private comment to a friend has exploded into a sphere of influence exponentially greater than I could ever have imagined.

As a business owner, you begin to see the impact a single negative comment can have. A majority of people, especially younger people, rely almost solely on social media for their product recommendations. As a platform for unfiltered, reliable feedback, it is unrivaled. But a single negative experience has the potential to spiral out of control. Before social media, word of mouth consisted of a small circle of people—physical influence was much smaller than virtual influence. And even if someone had a horrible experience with a company, they'd only share it with a small group over a short period of time. Social media (and the web in general) is permanent. It's the real permanent record your high school guidance counselor kept telling you about.

As a business owner who is also a member of society, your actions online can have far-reaching implications. Let's say you've made an off-color comment about some political or social issue. Using the same math, your single knee-jerk remark can define you to a huge number of people. Strangers. Customers. Potential employers. Your banker. You have no way of knowing.

The virulence of social media is akin to a pandemic. Once it begins, it's very hard to stop. Here are a few simple tips to help keep your business (and yourself) out of hot water online.

1. THINK BEFORE YOU POST. 
Use the "Rule of Mom". Would you say what you're about to say if your mother was sitting beside you? Unless your mother is known for her colorful language or off-color remarks, this litmus test will usually guide you.

2. DAMAGE CONTROL MEANS YOU'VE SCREWED UP.
If your business is in the position where it needs to do damage control, or you're getting overwhelmed by negative comments, it doesn't mean the Internet is out to get you. It means something's wrong in your organization. Do a process walk, which follows your business through every interaction to help determine where things are breaking down. Your goal is to identify customer touch points. The first place to look for the breakdown is where your customers interact with your organization. Once you've identified it, fix it.

3. IF YOU WANT TO SAY IT, SAY IT IN PERSON.
Here's a novel idea—pick up the phone. If you have virtual friends, they likely started as physical friends. A comment on a Facebook post, no matter how witty or insightful, pales next to actually picking up the phone and spending twenty minutes catching up. If you must remain digital, private message them or send an email or Skype with them.

4. BEWARE THE SHARE.
We've all seen them—the ubiquitous cartoons or witty graphics. As a business person, simply sharing something implies complicity. For instance, if you share something about drinking heavily, no matter how funny or cute, you have the potential to gain that reputation simply by association. You are what you share—it's the reason why most people share things. It defines your interests, is in tune with your sense of humor, etc. Even on your private social media pages, you never know who's watching. I have friends who are clients, and I have friends who are friends with clients. Chances are, you do, too.

5. WITH FRIENDS LIKE THAT...
Facebook has a great feature that allows you to confirm what is placed on your timeline. Sometimes the comments that damn you are not the ones you make yourself. We have different types of friends, probably from different phases of our lives. The person we are now may be very different from the person we were in college, or high school. You wouldn't bring your college drinking buddies to a client meeting. Be selective about what you let onto your timeline.

6. CLEAN HOUSE.
With all of this in mind, what do you have right now on your Facebook page? Take some time and go through your timeline. Look at your videos and photos. Is the beer pong shot from college really how you want to present yourself?

The goal with this post is not to sanitize you. Part of what makes social media as vibrant as it is, is the individuality of the pages and the posts. If the video of you doing belly shots in Vegas is something that defines you, that's great. But keep in mind that the video may be doing just that—defining you. Once you connect with other people, you have little control over what happens next. Being aware and being cautious may not make you the most interesting person on Facebook, but it will definitely help keep you in business.

The Three Bears Approach

The web is filled with marvelous and wondrous technology that changes and grows on a regular basis. How do you determine how much is too much for your clients?

Consider the Three Bears approach - you remember the story of Goldilocks and the Three Bears. The first bowl of porridge was too hot, the second too cold... you get it. When you're building or upgrading your website, the Three Bears approach comes down to three options—is it too much, is it too little, or is it just right?

Your customer isn't always Goldilocks. Sometimes your customer is Papa Bear. Sometimes it's Mama Bear. Each have different needs—hot porridge and cold porridge. There's no single "just right" approach.

As with everything in your marketing plan, the question of how much is too much is answered by your customer. A tech-savvy, youth-targeted site requires all the bells and whistles. Your customer expects it, and your competition provides it. If your market is older, or your clients aren't techies, you may not need as much techno-pop.

Here are three questions to ask that will help determine the level of wow required on your website:

1. What type of site are you trying to build?
Most websites are informational—an online brochure. They're a way to provide a way for prospective customers to contact you and to learn about your services, skills and those special things that set you apart. We call those "static websites". They're not necessarily "static" in the sense that there's no motion on them. Slideshows, videos, etc., can and should be a part of them. But the information is relatively constant, and users are required to contact you or visit your location to complete the transaction.

Dynamic websites can include e-commerce sites (where you're selling products or services online), video upload sites, etc. These are more robust and are designed for continuous engagement with the user. Similar information to a static site is available, but the main thrust is some form of ongoing interaction.

2. Who is your customer?
Age is often the determining factor when asking this question, but not always. Younger customers are more likely to want to make a purchase online (if appropriate), but older customers (including senior citizens - surprise) will also use these types of sites. The more appropriate question to ask is, what does your customer expect to be able to do with the site? If you sell a product or service, does your customer expect to be able to order it online and have it delivered or confirmed without having to make a phone call? Or are customers using your site to gather additional data or comparison shop prior to making an in-person purchase or acquisition of services? Ask the question from your customer's point of view, not yours. You may not have considered selling goods online, but your customer may need that.

3. Who is your competition?
This is a trick question—your competition is everywhere. Don't just look at the shop down the street—look world-wide. The web has opened up competitive markets you may not know exist. Being aware of what your competition is doing will help you determine what you need to do. It can also give you research into new customers you may not have thought about. Competition isn't a bad thing. At least, if you stay competitive.

Building a website properly from the beginning will allow you to develop it for current-state as well as future-state. The web constantly changes. New technologies emerge and new standards are introduced. Examine your site regularly. Look at your competition. Ask your customers what they want to see. They'll be your best judge. And listen to them. Developing a higher-end website than you currently have may cause you to incur an expense, but not doing so means you're losing customers. And what's the cost of that?

The Rules of Social Media

Contrary to popular myth, even the Internet has rules. Social media is no exception. As a business operating a social media page, you have the ability to either effectively increase your market reach—or do irreparable harm. Here are the basics on the do's and don'ts of operating a business social media page.

1. KNOW YOUR MEDIA TYPE
Facebook is very different from Twitter. Pinterest and Google Plus are also unique. LinkedIn is a totally different animal. It's like talking to people from different parts of the country. There are ways of doing things and presenting information that varies between all social media venues. Twitter has a character limit - the most effective posts on Twitter are brief. Twitter users are used to brevity. They don't want you to be wordy. Facebook is more conversational. Facebook is relationship-based. Google Plus is similar. Pinterest is essentially a photo sharing showcase, so it's much more visual. LinkedIn is the professional social network—largely underutilized by businesses. There are literally thousands of social media venues. Each has its own vernacular. It's important to learn the dialect before you try to fit in.

2. KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE
This is not only true for social media, but for marketing in general. Unless you know who you're talking to, what they're interested in, and what will turn them off, you can't create effective posts. What is of use to your audience? What will they be interested in seeing from you? They're choosing to follow you for a particular reason. Discover that reason and tailor your posts to them.

3. YOU'RE A GUEST IN THEIR SOCIAL MEDIA FEED
Just like going to a dinner party, you are a guest in your potential audience's house. They've invited you in because they want to hear more from you. Just like going to a dinner party, you need to bring something. The proverbial bottle of wine in this case is information. You need to establish yourself as the recognized expert in whatever you do. How do you do that? It's different for each industry, and for each social media page. Don't be looking to sell, at least not all the time. Unlike traditional advertising, you don't need a constant call to action. Your social media page (if designed properly) will have all the information necessary for a follow up. Provide information your users can use. Get in, get out, and don't annoy your followers. Short, clear, insightful posts will make you sound like you know what you're talking about. Because you're the expert.

4. IT'S A SOCIAL NETWORK
The goal in using any type of social media is to increase your reach virally. This means that your user likes your post enough to share it. Once it appears on your user's social media feed, all of their connections can see what you have to say. If their friends like you, and they share something informative that you posted, you will be much more likely to be followed by your users' friends. This is the goal. Social media is about making connections in new and unique ways. While it is possible to sell products via social media (and many businesses do this), it's not the primary focus. Social media is and should be used largely as brand building. Your goal should be to remain at the top of mind of your users.

5. CHECK YOUR SPELLING, GRAMMAR AND SYNTAX
There is nothing more distracting than a business social media post that contains errors. If necessary, get someone to proofread your posts before making them public. You may not care about spelling—but your users do. This one is a simple fix at which many businesses, usually small businesses, fail.

6. CREATE A POST SCHEDULE
Unless your posts are based on events that are happening in real time (and this is a good use of social media—keeping up with things in real time), you can put together a post schedule in advance. Facebook allows you to schedule your posts in advance using their Activity Log feature. If you can make use of this, and most businesses can, do it. It keeps your social media in motion without having to dedicate resources to posting at a particular time. When creating a post schedule, look at what your users need. Is your business seasonal? Look at a calendar to see key dates when people will be most likely to be thinking about your services.

7. MORE IS NOT ALWAYS MORE
Think about the junk email you receive as a business owner. Deleting messages from the same sender multiple times a day is not only a time waster, but makes you less likely to ever consider using that vendor. The same is true with social media. You don't need to blast your message out ten times a day. A well-written, well-timed post 3 or 4 times per week can do more good for your business than a bunch of desperate messages throughout a day. In social media, it's about quality, not quantity.

8. PLAY NICE WITH THE OTHER KIDS
Never, ever insult a client on your social media feed. Never, ever complain that no one's coming in to your shop today. And if you receive any negative feedback on your social media page (which is one of the reasons why you are engaging in social media activity—you want your users to get involved), never, ever argue with them. You have the ability in a public forum to solve the problem. Recognize that you have an audience watching you. Most customers will remember the problems they had if you don't immediately make it right. It's always worth giving a little to make the customer feel they were heard. And don't take anything personally. This is business, not personal. Leave the attitude at home. And finally, no matter what, don't complain about your customers or your business on your personal social media. Once it's out in the world, you can't get it back.

Effectively managing your business social media can be a full time job. You don't have to have a presence on every single venue. Start with your customer—what do they want you to do?

Back To Basics

We all know the saying, you can't see the forest for the trees. That adage applies to your marketing strategy. Sometimes we get so wrapped up in the micro details, the bigger picture gets lost. Stripping down your marketing plan to its basics can help you see what's working, and where you're going wrong.

WHO ARE YOU TALKING TO?
The single biggest mistake made by businesses in regards to their marketing strategy is marketing to themselves. Marketing is all about having a conversation with prospective customers. Look at it like a dinner party—if you're the person who spends the evening talking about what you like, what you're comfortable with, and what appeals to you, you will lose your audience. Who is your customer? Are there new customers out there you're not hitting? What do they want to talk about?

IT TAKES MONEY AND TIME
No matter what you do in regards to marketing, you will be spending money. Often lots of money. A large percentage of what you spend won't have a direct cost-value relationship. Brand building, the type of marketing that gets your name in front of your potential customers without selling a particular product or service, is long-term. You didn't build your reputation with your current customers overnight. You won't do it with new customers in that timeframe, either. This is called "top-of-mind recognition". You need to be the first company your potential customer thinks of.  Brand building  is measured in months and years. Targeted marketing, things like sales or events or promotions, have a more immediate return. Keep in mind, however, that a sale involves a loss-leader product or service. An event involves expenses you might not foresee. All businesses, markets and strategies are unique—however, a good ratio of branding versus targeted marketing is 5:1. You want to build your reputation at least 5 times more often than you want to have a sale.

WHAT ELSE DOES YOUR CUSTOMER DO?
Knowing your customer, and your prospective customer, allows you to speak to them on their terms, and in the places where they are. Things like social media, television, radio, movie theater advertising, gas station pump advertising, newspaper, magazine, bus sign advertising, etc., all have value only if your customer sees them. What does a typical day look like for your customer? A typical month? What are their habits? We paint with a broad brush in marketing. Each element of your strategy should work together. Don't put all your eggs in one basket, unless your customer dictates that. Follow your customer and you can't go wrong.

HAVE A ROAD MAP
If you don't know where you're going, you can't get there. If your goal is to increase sales of Product X by Y%, simply blasting your message out to the world without a plan and without measurable metrics is a waste of your time and money. Set your goals and build a map to get there.

STAY THE COURSE
When you've developed your plan, stick to it. Review it regularly, make necessary course changes, but don't scrap it without good reason. An effective, well-developed strategic plan will be a combination of quality customer intel and solid market knowledge. Make media buys that work for you and your customer, not what works for the media company. Newspaper advertising is ideal for certain demographics, a waste of money for others. The same goes for television, radio, and all other venues. If you've done your homework, your customer will tell you where to advertise.

Marketing is a marriage between the science nerd and the trendy art student. Understanding the strategy behind it, and building the creative element to support that strategy, will help your company grow.

When To Lawyer Up

The old joke goes; "What do you call a thousand lawyers at the bottom of the ocean? A good start." That might give you some indication of my bias when it comes to the question of litigation. The way I run my business doesn't tend to lend itself well to suing people. If I sue my clients, they don't come back. The thought of it makes me uncomfortable, because I'm a firm believer in trying to work things out amicably.

I've discovered, as you likely have, that this doesn't always work out in business. There are times when something happens, either through no fault of your own or by some accident, that you come face-to-face with civil law. Maybe it's debt collection, maybe it's contract enforcement, maybe it's something you built or produced that didn't work as expected. Whatever the reason, there's a time and a place to lawyer up.

I've known some business people whose first reaction to any situation is to come with both barrels blazing. I've known others who just roll over at the first sign of confrontation. Both extremes don't solve the problem. Perhaps you're wondering why a marketing blog is talking about lawyers and litigation. Simple. All customer interaction is marketing. Any type of litigation usually means you've exhausted your other options, and the client in question will no longer be doing business with you. There are dangers in jumping the legal gun, just as there are dangers in doing nothing. There are certain key areas from a marketing perspective that demand litigation as a last resort.

DEBT COLLECTION
Marketing? Really? Look at it this way. If you don't have cash flow, you don't have anything to market. Your cash flow directly affects how you run your business, from payroll to inventory to whether or not you make a profit. Suing someone for uncollected debt is a process with multiple, time-consuming steps with no guarantee of success. It's also public. There are many ways to mitigate legal action, most of which start with a good plan at the beginning of the relationship. Like a prenuptial agreement, a strong contract with expectations clearly spelled out, timelines set and remedies specified will show a prospective client that you are a serious business person. Drafting a contract is one thing lawyers do very well. This is an expense that will pay for itself many times over. More often than not, tardy or aggressive clients will back down with a strong contract on your side. The more solid your footing, the more easily you'll be able to collect money or solve client misunderstanding. If there's a benefit to you, consider offering an early payment discount. Add penalties for late payment. As with everything in your initial pre-nup, state it clearly. When you are faced with a slow or non-paying client, consider first the amount, the reason, and the length of the relationship. What percentage of your business does this client represent? Is an invoice for $100 worth jeopardizing your $100,000 client? And remember that you get farther with a gentle nudge than a swift kick. Invoices get lost, payables get delayed. Sometimes being the persistent squeaky wheel will move something forward. Using the legal system to collect debt should be your last resort. If everything else fails, this is the second time to contact your lawyer. An overwhelming majority of a lawyer's work is drafting documents, not actually suing people. The threat of legal action will often prompt clients to pay. Keep in mind that this will likely sever your relationship with the client. Use it wisely.

SLANDER, LIBEL, DEFAMATION
We live in an age where anybody can say anything about anyone, anywhere at any time. The web makes these types of negative comments permanent and nearly impossible to get rid of. Most of us have to shrug off a lot of these types of negative comments. Where the line is drawn legally is when slander, libel, or defamation take place. The trick is proving these have taken place. In the broadest possible terms, defamation is something about you or your business that is untrue and has the potential to cause damage. Slander is telling someone, libel is writing it down. Now, as any good lawyer would advise me (and you), I'm not a lawyer. Consult with one if you believe you or your business are a victim of this. From a marketing point of view, defamation and its two cousins are potentially devastating. It's important to monitor any information shared about you or your company on a regular basis. Monitor your social media, as well as your competitors'. If you believe defamation of some sort has occurred,  and can pinpoint the source, this is time to lawyer up. The first step is usually a "cease and desist" letter. Most of the time, this does the trick. A letter from a lawyer can be scary. If it doesn't stop the offensive action, your lawyer will be able to recommend an appropriate course of action. From a marketing point of view, keep the end in mind. Will going after someone who is venting worth any sort of negative publicity your company will receive?

COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT
This one is potentially the most damaging to your business. If you produce something unique, it's in your best interest to ensure no one copies it. Lawyers can help with copyright and patent registration, which is preventative medicine. Trademark your logo and your tagline. Place copyright notices on key marketing pieces such as your website, print collateral and signage. And don't be afraid of suing on this one. This is the only such infringement I would suggest running, not walking to a courtroom. Your business depends on your proprietary information. Defend it vigorously.

TRADE SECRETS
The same holds true for business processes, trade secrets and any type of information or documents unique to your business, that are essential for your business to remain competitive. Keep this type of information as close to the chest as you can. If employees need to know this information, having a confidentiality agreement (created by a lawyer) is your best prevention should someone become disgruntled and spill the beans.

Your business is sometimes like a battle. You have an arsenal of weaponry at your disposal. Using the appropriate weapon at the appropriate time will ensure the public's perception of you remains positive. If you have the reputation of throwing lawsuits around like a petulant child, you'll likely scare off potential customers. If you roll over and play dead, your business will tend to attract bottom feeders. A good lawyer is like a homeowners insurance policy - you'll likely never need it, but when you do, you'll be really glad you had it.

What Else Does Your Customer Do?

Your customers don't live in a vacuum. People have multiple interests - often disparate interests. Your product or service is one small part of what makes your customers whole. If you sell a consumer product, your customers will have multiple related consumer products they view as a part of a whole. If you sell business products or services, your customers will have and need multiple related things. Your business customers are also people. The decision makers have families. They have pets. They have parents. They have lives outside their business. Consumer customers can also be business people.

Talking to your customers in their language means you have to understand their entire world. Now, you can't customize your marketing plan to a specific individual. There are certain generalities you make based on what your customers are most likely to do. Marketing is about stereotypes - not in a negative way, but as a means of targeting a group of individuals in a broad way. It's about hitting the widest target with the least amount of ammo.

Here's an example of what I'm talking about. Let's say you run a small cafe in  a downtown area. Your cafe isn't isolated. Potential customers are generally not coming downtown to visit your cafe exclusively. They are likely shopping or going to a show at the theater or visiting a museum or visiting an art gallery. Your customers have multiple other interests. You can be part of their experience by tapping into how they're using downtown. They are visiting for specific reasons - you can make your cafe fit into their day. You achieve this by being aware of events that are going on, patterns throughout the day and week and promote your cafe according to how your potential customers are experiencing the entire area. Partner with some of the venues to help customers make the connection between visiting these places and visiting your place. Link yourself to where your customers are and you become part of what they're doing. You become part of their experience.

Another example - your shop sells a specific type of product - let's say a specific line of athletic shoes. You've noticed that sales are way down. Because your athletic shoes are so good, they don't need to be replaced often. Your clients are thrilled, but repeat business is way down. Your existing customers would buy more product from you but don't need it. Expanding your product line to include additional related products such as dress shoes, hiking boots and other high quality footwear allows you to tap into the goodwill of your existing client base and increase multiple sales. People have multiple footwear needs - people buying athletic shoes also need dress shoes. By understanding that your customers have multiple interests and mutiple needs, you can offer product lines that satisfy each of them. You increase your sales by increasing the per-customer sales.  You know your customer has multiple needs and you're satisfying them.

Business owners tend to have tunnel vision. They establish their business because they want to sell one certain thing. While that is the impetus for starting a business, don't forget that your customers have many other interests. Figuring out what else your customer needs and providing it for them will increase your bottom line and your customer loyalty.

Antisocial Media - A Case Study

Recently a local restaurant owner had customers in her restaurant that brought an infant child into the restaurant. The child obviously didn't want to be there, and cried and screamed the whole time. The incident itself is repeated every day all across the world. What sets this one apart is that the owner posted a lengthy complaint about these guests on her Facebook business page. In the post, the owner stated that other customers were disrupted, and that she overcharged the customers for their meal to compensate for her staff's trouble. Unfortunately, the subject of the post turned out to be a fan of the page.

If you don't think social media matters to your business, try doing something like this. Social media is a phenomenal tool - and can also be a nightmare. For businesses that want to increase word-of-mouth traffic, spreading their message across social media is worth its weight in gold. The benefit of re-posts recommendations and sharing is that your business is being introduced into the lives of your customers' friends. In essence, your customer is working for you. The downside, of course, is that one blunder can spread worldwide in a matter of moments. Social media, like the Internet itself, is perpetual. Everything you've ever done online, every mistake you've ever made, every embarrassment, is forever captured and cataloged and archived.

Let's start with the basics - never, ever, ever post a complaint about a customer anywhere. Don't even send it in an email. If you can help it, don't put it in writing. The customer may not always be right, (and quite often isn't), but they're your boss. Social media gives us the feeling of invulnerability - the same feeling we have when we're in our car. But like driving our cars, accidents happen when we're careless. And for crying out loud, don't post it on your business page. Especially if the person you're posting about is a fan of your page.

The business owner had the ability to salvage the situation at several points. First, as the owner of the business, she had a responsibility to the majority of her clientele who were being disrupted. Much like the captain of a ship, the business owner has absolute authority in a situation like this. Simply explaining privately to the parent that the child's unhappiness was disruptive to the other guests and asking the parent to quiet the child or come back another time without the child would likely have solved everything. At worst, the restauranteur would have lost one customer instead of the dozens she now has lost.

Second, the business owner should never in a million years have posted the customer complaint. Once the customer commented on the post and the comments began to fly, she should have immediately removed the post. She should then have called the customer directly and offered a full apology. Offering a free meal or two wouldn't hurt, either. Although the customer was originally at fault for the disruption by not listening to the needs of her child and having the common courtesy to leave the situation without disrupting everyone else around her, the business owner made cardinal mistakes in handling this situation. (And I know many people will argue that point, that the customer was at fault. But as a business owner, you are responsible for the satisfaction of everyone, not a single person. As a customer, you need to recognize when your behavior or the behavior of those in your party - whether they are capable of stopping the behavior or not - is disruptive. And as a parent, your responsibility is the well being of your child. If your infant child is incapable of handling a high stress social situation, it is your responsibility to remove your child from that situation. Unfortunately, your social life goes on hold in many ways when you are the parent of a small child. It doesn't last forever.)

I didn't hear about this story firsthand. A friend reposted the link. As did many others. A relatively small circle of people suddenly grew into a huge group of people with most now having a strong negative opinion of the restaurant. Social media travels fast. Impossibly fast.

The best way to avoid negative publicity is to not do something that will cause it. Never complain about customers, even on your personal social media pages. If a customer is unhappy, make them happy. No matter what. It is far easier and less expensive to give away a few meals than to have to undo catastrophic damage. If you're at fault, make it right. Make the solution exceed the problem. Make the customer remember the solution.